What are papillomas and what do they look like?

This article discusses

• which are papillomas;
• what is the reason for their formation.
• , where they are more common in men and women;
• typical papillomas.

Papillomas are benign tumors that are located on the skin, mucous membranes. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which spreads in a variety of ways. The appearance of the formations depends on which virus caused them.

Transmission paths

Human papillomavirus is transmitted by

• During sexual intercourse, including anal, oral-genital organs.
• Household. The microorganism is able to exist on personal items, personal hygiene items, and infected towels. It easily penetrates scratches and skin wear.
• Mother during childbirth.

Possible auto-infection if the virus spreads from one area of ​​the body to another, which usually occurs during shaving and hair removal.

The incubation period (entry of HPV until signs of pathology appear) ranges from several weeks to several years.

Papillomas in the body most often occur in case of illness, pregnancy, alcohol consumption, psycho-emotional stress, hypothermia, which is accompanied by a decrease in immune protection. The frequency of occurrence of these formations is the same in men and women.

Human papillomavirus:

types

Depending on the risk of skin oncological pathology, mucosal papillomaviruses belong to the following groups:

• Low oncogenic risk (HPV types 3, 6, 11, 13, 32, 34, 72, 73, 40-44, 51, 61).
• Moderate oncogenic risk (HPV types 52, 56, 58, 30, 35, 45).
• High risk of developing malignancies (HPV types 50, 59, 16, 18, 64, 68, 70, 31, 33, 39).

Low-risk microorganisms cause benign growth on the skin, mucous membranes.

Types of papillomas

Simple

Also known as vulgar, they are also called ordinary. Such increases are more often caused by HPV types 26-29, 77, 63, 41.

A hip, burning sensation appears on any part of the body. Later, an increase in a spherical formation can be observed, the surface of which will gradually become rough. First the tumor is flesh-colored and then darkens. The size of the papilloma on the body is from 1 mm cm

up to

These tumors are single, multiple. In the latter case, the girlish papillomas are located around the mothers, developing first, usually the largest of all.

Their position is the hand, the back of the fingers, the places between them, the position of the chin, the edges of the lips. There are such papillomas in the neck. It affects the child's knee because children often climb and become infected through minor skin injuries.

Vegetable

People with such formations are infected with HPV types 1, 2, 4. The growth is similar to dry calli, but has several characteristic differences.

The skin pattern is preserved on the calli, missing on the surface of the papillomas, the latter being smooth. The formation caused by papillomavirus increases the discomfort when wearing painful, tight shoes. Black dots are observed inside the papilloma that are not present in the callus.

Tumors sometimes die, which is more common in children. Occasionally, small bubbles can be seen around the tumors. It has recently become new papillomas.

Flat papillomas

Rounded, elongated, oval growth rises 1-2 millimeters above skin level. Flat papillomas are located around the mouth, on the face, and in the upper half of the body. Occasionally, papillomas develop in the neck.

There are data on papilloma in the wart, in the cervix of girls, in the rectum in men, near the rectum. These formations are located in groups, merging with each other. Flat flesh-colored papillomas, sometimes slightly darker than the rest of the skin, are caused by 10, 49, 28 types of papillomaviruses.

threaded

When people notice tiny papillomas on the neck, the growth is most often fibrous. The second name of the formations isacrochordus. The latter are caused by 2, 7 types of HPV.

In the initial stage, the papillomas on the neck appear as small yellowish seals, and then the tumors lengthen, become rough, and become elongated, rounded, fibrous in shape. The distinguishing feature of a similar papilloma on the neck is a thin leg.

Acrochordus most commonly develops in men, women over 40 years of age. There is also an increase in the skin of the upper eyelid, armpit and mammary glands in the intimate area.

Shown

The formation data are calledwarts,they are caused by the human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 44, 42, 54, 51, 55, 89 in women and men.

Condylomassmall, single, multiple outgrowths, flesh-colored, located in the female, male genitals, at the anus. There are papillomas in the vagina, labia minora, cervix. In men, condylomas are found on the foreskin, on the head of the penis, in the urethra.

Separate elements sometimes merge with each other, a tumor-like formation appears that resembles a rooster comb, cauliflower, outward. Tumors are characterized by very rapid growth, a wide lesion can develop within a few hours.

Pathology is a recurring process. More severe with concomitant sexually transmitted infections of the urogenital tract (eg Chlamydia, gonorrhea, mycoplasmosis).

Condylomas in the cervix, especially inside the cervix, are most dangerous during pregnancy. Hormonal changes stimulate rapid growth followed by tissue destruction and secondary infections.

Papillomas in the mouth, larynx

Their appearance is associated with the activity of papillomaviruses 6, 7, 11, 72, 73, 57, 32. The formations are rounded formations on a thin or wide base. The mucosa around them is pale pink with no visible pathological changes. The surface of the tumors is pale pink, whitish.

Tumors are single, multiple, painless when pressed. They are located at the bottom of the oral cavity, at the back of the tongue, on the hard, soft palate, on the laryngeal mucosa, ranging in size from 2 mm to 2 cm.

Excessive growth of the mucous membranes of the mouth bleeds; In the case of such a disease, the state of health does not deteriorate, the oral cavity opens freely.

If in adulthood the unique growths are located in the soft mouth, tonsils and mucous membranes, there is the presence of a foreign body, cough, the voice becomes hoarse. If the lesions become multiple, these symptoms worsen.

In children, pathological growths are often bilateral, with the following symptoms:

• Difficult to inhale, exhale, after physical exertion and then at complete rest.
• Cough after running, playing too much.
• seizures with laryngealstenosis(pathological narrowing that prevents air from entering the lower respiratory tract).

Externally, the appearance of different papillomas is associated with different types of HPV infections. See a doctor to remove the tumors. This should be done as soon as possible if the papilloma is multiple, grows rapidly, causes discomfort, and is continuously injured.